Arterial hypertension remains the most common, easily identifiable, and reversible risk factor for coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure, ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidents, decline in cognitive functions, renal failure, aortic dissection and diseases of the peripheral arteries. The asymptomatic nature of arterial hypertension in a significant part of patients delays diagnosis, makes it more difficult for patients to adapt to lifestyle modification, regular medication and periodic follow-up. At the time of diagnosis, the assessment of organ damage caused by hypertension, assessment of cardio-vascular risk and other associated diseases should be done. On the basis of arterial pressure values, organ damage caused by hypertension, assessment of cardiovascular risk, associated diseases, the age group of the patient, the hypertension treatment strategy will be built, where the number of drugs to be started, the type of treatment will be determined of them, the arterial pressure values that must be reached and the time that must be reached are determined. In hypertensive patients, the reduction of arterial pressure values to the specified values significantly reduces major cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction, ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidents, heart failure and mortality from all causes also shows a protective effect against asymptomatic heart damage and kidneys and prevents the decrease of cognitive functions and dementia. Drug treatment of hypertension with two or more drugs combined in one tablet is recommended.